TRANSFORMASI MSDM MENUJU SMART GOVERNANCE DAN PUBLIC VALUE : A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61492/sawala.v2i02.100Keywords:
Human Resource Management Innovation; Digital Human Resource Management; Digital Leadership; Smart Governance; Public Value.Abstract
Digital transformation in the public sector requires a shift in human resource management (HRM) from an administrative function toward strategic capabilities that support adaptive, data-driven, and public value-oriented governance. This study aims to analyze the development of HRM innovation, Digital Human Resource Management (Digital HRM), digital leadership, organizational learning, smart governance, and public value, as well as to synthesize the interrelationships among these concepts in public-sector transformation. The study employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) of 40 studies published between 2018 and 2026. The literature was retrieved from seven databases, namely Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, Emerald Insight, ProQuest, and Google Scholar, with the selection process following the stages of identification, screening, eligibility assessment, and inclusion. The synthesis indicates that Digital HRM and HRM innovation strengthen organizational capacity to respond to digital transformation, while digital leadership and organizational learning play important roles in directing change, developing knowledge, and building organizational capabilities. Smart governance subsequently serves as a governance mechanism that integrates technology, data, institutional capacity, and public services. Public value represents the ultimate orientation of transformation through the delivery of transparent, accountable, inclusive, responsive, and sustainable public services.
References
Agostino, D., Saliterer, I., & Steccolini, I. (2021). Digitalization, accounting and accountability: A literature review and reflections on future research in public services. Financial Accountability & Management, 38(2), 152–176. https://doi.org/10.1111/faam.12301
Albannai, N. A. A., Raziq, M. M., Malik, M., & Abrar, A. (2024). Digital leadership and its impact on agility, innovation and resilience: a qualitative study of the UAE media industry. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 33(3), 717–735. https://doi.org/10.1108/bij-06-2024-0492
Aldhi, I. F., Suhariadi, F., Rahmawati, E., Supriharyanti, E., Hardaningtyas, D., Sugiarti, R., & Abbas, A. (2025). Bridging Digital Gaps in Smart City Governance: The Mediating Role of Managerial Digital Readiness and the Moderating Role of Digital Leadership. Smart Cities, 8(4), 117. https://doi.org/10.3390/smartcities8040117
Alexandro, R. (2025). Strategic human resource management in the digital economy era: an empirical study of challenges and opportunities among MSMEs and startups in Indonesia. Cogent Business & Management, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2025.2528436
Almulhim, A. I., & Yigitcanlar, T. (2025). Understanding Smart Governance of Sustainable Cities: A Review and Multidimensional Framework. Smart Cities, 8(4), 113. https://doi.org/10.3390/smartcities8040113
Branderhorst, E. M., & Ruijer, E. (2024). Digital leadership in local government: an empirical study of Dutch city managers. Local Government Studies, 51(3), 576–599. https://doi.org/10.1080/03003930.2024.2363368
Cassia, A. R., Costa, I., Da Silva, V. H. C., & De Oliveira Neto, G. C. (2020). Systematic literature review for the development of a conceptual model on the relationship between knowledge sharing, information technology infrastructure and innovative capability. Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, 32(7), 801–821. https://doi.org/10.1080/09537325.2020.1714026
Chadwick, C., & Flinchbaugh, C. (2020). Searching for Competitive Advantage in the HRM-Firm Performance Relationship. Academy of Management Perspectives, 35(2), 181–207. https://doi.org/10.5465/amp.2018.0065
Chassanoff, A., & Altman, M. (2019). Curation as “Interoperability With the Future”: Preserving Scholarly Research Software in Academic Libraries. Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, 71(3), 325–337. https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.24244
Choi, Y. J., Choi, H. W., & Kim, S. (2020). Compliance of “Principles of transparency and best practice in scholarly publishing” in Korean academic society-published journals listed in Journal Citation Reports. Science Editing, 7(1), 24–33. https://doi.org/10.6087/kcse.186
Cordella, A., & Paletti, A. (2018). ICTs and value creation in public sector: Manufacturing logic vs service logic. Information Polity, 23(2), 125–141. https://doi.org/10.3233/ip-170061
Del Barone, L., De Gennaro, D., & Buonocore, F. (2025). AI-driven HRM and managerial competencies: strengthening organizational resilience in Public Administration. Management Decision, 64(5), 1732–1751. https://doi.org/10.1108/md-06-2024-1252
Deliu, D., & Olariu, A. (2024). The Role of Artificial Intelligence and Big Data Analytics in Shaping the Future of Professions in Industry 6.0: Perspectives from an Emerging Market. Electronics, 13(24), 4983. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13244983
Duah, E., Pakmoni, L., & Appiah-Kubi, E. (2024). Green human resource management and organizational efficiency among local assemblies: role of process innovation and knowledge sharing. Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and Performance, 12(1), 168–190. https://doi.org/10.1108/joepp-11-2023-0511
Eger, L., & Žižka, M. (2024). Industry 4.0, digital transformation and human resource management: Emerging themes and research trends in the context of the Visegrad countries. Oeconomia Copernicana, 15(3), 1021–1065. https://doi.org/10.24136/oc.3034
Fathussyaadah, E. (2026). PERAN TRANSFORMASI DIGITAL DALAM EKOSISTEM INOVASI BERKELANJUTAN : SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW BAGI INOVATOR. (01), 223–238.
Hamouche, S., Bani-Melhem, S., Haj-Salem, N., Abdalla Mohamed Abdalla Alraeesi, A., & Jamal Bani-Melhem, A. (2025). Digital leadership and employee creativity: exploring the role of digital literacy and learning orientation. Employee Relations: The International Journal, 48(1), 150–173. https://doi.org/10.1108/er-02-2025-0094
Karatepe, O. M., Aboramadan, M., & Dahleez, K. A. (2020). Does climate for creativity mediate the impact of servant leadership on management innovation and innovative behavior in the hotel industry? International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 32(8), 2497–2517. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-03-2020-0219
Li, Y., Fan, Y., & Nie, L. (2023). Making governance agile: Exploring the role of artificial intelligence in China’s local governance. Public Policy and Administration, 40(2), 276–301. https://doi.org/10.1177/09520767231188229
Lou, Y., Hong, A., & Li, Y. (2024). Assessing the Role of HRM and HRD in Enhancing Sustainable Job Performance and Innovative Work Behaviors through Digital Transformation in ICT Companies. Sustainability, 16(12), 5162. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16125162
Malik, P., & Lenka, U. (2020). Identifying HRM practices for disabling destructive deviance among public sector employees using content analysis. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 28(3), 719–744. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijoa-02-2019-1658
Manda, M. I. (2022). Power, politics, and the institutionalisation of information systems for promoting digital transformation in the public sector: A case of the South African’s government digital transformation journey. Information Polity, 27(3), 311–329. https://doi.org/10.3233/ip-200233
Mangai, M. S., & Ayodele, A. A. (2025). Reimagining Public Service Delivery: Digitalising Initiatives for Accountability and Efficiency. Administrative Sciences, 15(12), 477. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15120477
Mihu, C., Pitic, A. G., & Bayraktar, D. (2023). Drivers of Digital Transformation and their Impact on Organizational Management. Studies in Business and Economics, 18(1), 149–170. https://doi.org/10.2478/sbe-2023-0009
Mollah, M. A., Choi, J.-H., Hwang, S.-J., & Shin, J.-K. (2023). Exploring a Pathway to Sustainable Organizational Performance of South Korea in the Digital Age: The Effect of Digital Leadership on IT Capabilities and Organizational Learning. Sustainability, 15(10), 7875. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15107875
Murdha Anggara, S., Hariyanto, A., Suhardi, S., Akhmad Arman, A., & Budi Kurniawan, N. (2024). The Development of Digital Service Transformation Framework for the Public Sector. IEEE Access, 12, 146160–146189. https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3406571
Olejarski, A. M., Potter, M., & Morrison, R. L. (2018). Organizational Learning in the Public Sector: Culture, Politics, and Performance. Public Integrity, 21(1), 69–85. https://doi.org/10.1080/10999922.2018.1445411
Ongena, G., Morsch, P., & Ravesteijn, P. (2024). Digital Leadership Competency to Enhance Digital Transformation. International Journal of Innovation and Technology Management, 21(06). https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219877024500421
Patergiannaki, Z., & Pollalis, Y. A. (2024). E-government quality from the citizen’s perspective: the role of perceived factors, demographic variables and the digital divide. International Journal of Public Sector Management, 37(2), 232–254. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijpsm-07-2023-0229
Pratama, A. B., & Imawan, S. A. (2019). A scale for measuring perceived bureaucratic readiness for smart cities in Indonesia. Public Administration and Policy, 22(1), 25–39. https://doi.org/10.1108/pap-01-2019-0001
Pudjiarti, E. S., & Priagung Hutomo, P. T. (2020). The critical role of effective organizational learning to improve firm’s innovation and performance in a market turbulence condition. International Journal of Innovation Science, 12(3), 237–254. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijis-08-2019-0079
Rahman, M., Mordi, C., & Nwagbara, U. (2018). Factors influencing E-HRM implementation in government organisations. Journal of Enterprise Information Management, 31(2), 247–275. https://doi.org/10.1108/jeim-05-2017-0066
Ricco, G., & Schultz, C. A. (2019). Organizational learning during policy implementation: lessons from U.S. forest planning. Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning, 21(3), 275–287. https://doi.org/10.1080/1523908x.2019.1623659
Setadi, S., Guna, S., & Cianjur, N. (2026). The Relationship Between Law and Government Science : A Literature Review On Constitutional Law and Administrative Law. 1–11.
Setiadi, S., & Widyastuti, S. (2025). Towards Sustainable Tourism : Impact Evaluation of Green Marketing Strategies and Related Factors : A Systematic Literature Review. 7(1), 375–388.
Setyarto, D. B., Alimuddin, A., Mulyaningsih, M., & Judijanto, L. (2025). The role of e-government in increasing transparency and accountability of public administration in the digital era. Edelweiss Applied Science and Technology, 9(2), 1771–1783. https://doi.org/10.55214/25768484.v9i2.4908
Theres, C., & Strohmeier, S. (2023). Consolidating the theoretical foundations of digital human resource management acceptance and use research: a meta-analytic validation of UTAUT. Management Review Quarterly, 74(4), 2683–2715. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11301-023-00367-z
Undang, Nugraha, A., & Lismawan, A. (2026). SMART GOVERNANCE DI KECAMATAN CIBINONG CIANJUR SELATAN. 01(01), 186–198.
Uyen Nguyen, T. T., Van Nguyen, P., Truong, G. Q., Ngoc Huynh, H. T., & Hoang Le, T. P. M. (2024). Investigating the impact of citizen relationship quality and the moderating effects of citizen involvement on E-government adoption. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 10(3), 100372. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joitmc.2024.100372
Van Roekel, H., Branderhorst, M., Tummers, L., & Meijer, A. (2025). Digital transformation leadership: A public value-centered measurement scale. Government Information Quarterly, 42(4), 102091. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2025.102091
Yao, Q., Tang, H., Liu, Y., & Boadu, F. (2023). The penetration effect of digital leadership on digital transformation: the role of digital strategy consensus and diversity types. Journal of Enterprise Information Management, 37(3), 903–927. https://doi.org/10.1108/jeim-09-2022-0350
Zavyalova, E., Sokolov, D., Kucherov, D., & Lisovskaya, A. (2022). The Digitalization of Human Resource Management: Present and Future. Foresight and STI Governance, 16(2), 42–51. https://doi.org/10.17323/2500-2597.2022.2.42.51
Zhou, X., Liang, W., Wang, K. I.-K., Huang, R., & Jin, Q. (2021). Academic Influence Aware and Multidimensional Network Analysis for Research Collaboration Navigation Based on Scholarly Big Data. IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing, 9(1), 246–257. https://doi.org/10.1109/tetc.2018.2860051
